Lateral roots that are growing in a circular or spiral pattern around the trunk or below the soil line, cutting into at least one side of the main trunk and gradually strangling it. Trees and shrubs that are container-grown and pot-bound, frequently develop girdling roots. The pressure on the trunk caused by the girdling, restricts movement of water and vital nutrients. Affected trunks/stems will eventually become weakened and the tree becomes susceptible to fatality in five to fifteen years, whether from the girdling alone or in conjunction with environmental stresses, or insect/disease attack. Cultural practices like fertilization, irrigation, and pruning will not offset the slow growth caused by girdled roots. Once identified, they should be treated promptly.